1. Stalker List Of Artifacts List
2. Stalker Wiki Artifacts
3. Stalker List Of Artifacts Names

The list is sorted into major categories defining the positive properties provided by the artifacts (eg. Health regeneration or resistance to Impact damage); artifacts within each major category are sorted by name. Since alot of the artifacts are quite common I've only included location descriptions for rare artifacts. Arrowheads Artifact Stores is a great place to buy and sell artifacts. To create store on Arrowheads.com is as easy as 1, 2, 3. Create Your store, add your items and watch your relics sell. Listactions no arguments Lists all bindable character actions. Load savename Loads the saved game with the name specified. Loadlastsave no arguments Loads last saved game mainmenu no arguments Takes you straight to the game's main menu screen. Mmmmnetsrvdedicated 0, 1 TODO: mmnetconpublicserver 0, 1 TODO.

The following is a list of artifacts—objects created or modified by human culture—that are significant to biblical archaeology.

• 2Other significant artifacts
• 8References

Selected artifacts significant to biblical chronology[edit]

Stalker List Of Artifacts List

The table lists artifacts which are of particular significance to the study of biblical chronology. The table lists the following information about each artifact:

Name

Current Location: Museum or site

Discovered: Date and location of discovery

Date: Proposed date of creation of artifact

Writing: Script used in inscription (if any)

Significance: Reason for significance to biblical archeology

Refs: ANET^[1] and COS^[2] references, and link to editio princeps (EP), if known

Other significant artifacts[edit]

2000 BC[edit]

• Creation myths and flood myths – recorded on the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Atra-Hasis tablets, the Enûma Eliš, the Eridu Genesis and the Barton Cylinder
• Law tablets – ancient Near East legal tablets: Code of Hammurabi, Laws of Eshnunna, the Code of Ur-Nammu, king of Ur (ca. 2050 BCE), the Laws of Eshnunna (ca. 1930 BCE) and the codex of Lipit-Ishtar of Isin (ca. 1870 BCE).^[20] Later codes than Hammurabi's include the Code of the Nesilim.^[21]Hittite laws, the Assyrian laws, and Mosaic Law / Ten Commandments. (see Cuneiform law).
• Execration texts – earliest references to many Biblical locations
• Shiphrah slave list – Shiphrah was one of two midwives who helped prevent the genocide of Hebrew children by the Egyptians, according to the Book of Exodus 1:15–21. The name is found in a list of slaves in Egypt during the reign of Sobekhotep III. This list is on Brooklyn 35.1446, a papyrus scroll kept in the Brooklyn Museum.

1500 BCE[edit]

• Ipuwer Papyrus – poem describing Egypt as afflicted by natural disasters and in a state of chaos. The document is dated to around 1250 BCE^[22] but the content is thought to be earlier, dated back to the Middle Kingdom, though no earlier than the late Twelfth Dynasty.^[23] Once thought to describe the biblical Exodus, it is now considered the world's earliest known treatise on political ethics, suggesting that a good king is one who controls unjust officials, thus carrying out the will of the gods.^[24]

14th century BCE[edit]

• Berlin pedestal relief(Israel) -is considered by many modern scholars to contain the earliest historic reference to ancient Israel.^[25][26]Experts remain divided on this hypothesis^[27]

10th century BCE[edit]

• Early Paleo-Hebrew writing – contenders for the earliest Hebrew inscriptions include the Gezer calendar, Biblical period ostraca at Elah and Izbet Sartah,^[28] and the Zayit Stone
• Pim weight – evidence of the use of an ancient source for the Book of Samuel due to the use of an archaic term.
• Khirbet Qeiyafa pottery sherd – (10th century BCE) inscription – both the language it was written in and the translation are disputed. Was discovered in excavations near Israel's Elah valley.^[29]
• Tell es-Safi Potsherd (10th to mid 9th centuries BCE) – Potsherd inscribed with the two names 'alwt' and 'wlt', etymologically related to the name Goliath and demonstrate that the name fits with the context of late-tenth/early-ninth-century BCE Philistine culture. Found at Tell es-Safi, the traditional identification of Gath.
• Khirbet Qeiyafa shrines – cultic objects seen as evidence of a 'cult in Judah at time of King David' and with features (triglyphs and recessed doors) which may resemble features in descriptions of the Temple of Solomon.^[30]
• Ophel inscription is a 3,000-year-old inscribed fragment of a ceramic jar found near Jerusalem's Temple Mount by archeologist Eilat Mazar. It is the earliest alphabetical inscription found in Jerusalem written in what was probably Proto-Canaanite script.^[31] Some scholars believe it to be an inscription of the type of wine that was held in a jar.^[32]

9th century BCE[edit]

• Amman Citadel Inscription – 9th century BCE inscription in the Ammonite language, one of the few surviving written records of Ammon.
• Melqart stele – (9th–8th century BCE) William F. Albright identifies Bir-hadad with Ben-hadad I, who was a contemporary of the biblical Asa and Baasha.
• Ostraca House – (probably about 850 BCE, at least prior to 750 BCE) 64 legible ostraca found in the treasury of Ahab – written in early Hebrew.
• Balaam inscription (c. 840–760 BCE)^[33] 9th or 8th century BCE inscription about a prophet named Balaam (cf. the Book of Numbers).^[34]

8th century BCE[edit]

• Kuntillet Ajrud inscriptions – (9th – 8th century BCE) inscriptions in Phoenician script including references to Yahweh
• Sefire stele – (8th century BCE) described as 'the best extrabiblical source for West Semitic traditions of covenantal blessings and curses.'^[35]
• Stele of Zakkur – (8th century BCE) Mentions Hazael king of Aram.
• Tell al-Rimah stela (c.780 BCE) – tells of the exploits of Adad-nirari III, mentioning 'Joash King of Samaria'^[36]
• Shebna's lintel inscription – (8th–7th century BCE ?) found over the lintel or doorway of a tomb, has been ascribed to Hezekiah's comptroller Shebna.
• King Ahaz's Seal (732 to 716 BCE) – Ahaz was a king of Judah but 'did not do what was right in the sight of the Lord his God, as his ancestor David had done' (2 Kings 16:2; 2 Chronicles 28:1). He worshiped idols and followed pagan practices. 'He even made his son pass through fire, according to the abominable practices of the nations' (2 Kings 16:3). Ahaz was the son and successor of Jotham.
• Bullae (c.715–687 BCE or 716–687 BCE)^[37] (clay roundels impressed with a personal seal identifying the owner of an object, the author of a document, etc.) are, like ostraka, relatively common, both in digs and on the antiquities market. The identification of individuals named in bullae with equivalent names from the Bible is difficult, but identifications have been made with king Hezekiah^[38] and his servants (????? avadim in Hebrew).
• Annals of Tiglath-Pileser III (740–730 BCE):
  • Layard 45b+ III R 9,1 possibly refers to [KUR sa-me-ri-i-na-a-a] as ['land of Samaria']^[39]
  • The Iran Stela refers to KUR sa-m[e]-ri-i-na-a-[a] 'land of Samaria'^[39]
  • Layard 50a + 50b + 67a refers to URU sa-me-ri-na-a-a 'city of Sarnaria'^[39]
  • Layard 66 refers to URU Sa-me-ri-na 'city of Samaria'^[39]
  • III R 9.3 50, refers to 'Menahem the Samarian'^[36][40]
  • Nimrud Tablet III R 10.2 28–29, refers to the overthrown of Pekah by Hoshea.^[36][40]
  • one fragment refers to 'Azriau' and another it has been joined to refers to 'Yaudi'. Some scholars have interpreted this as Ahaziah / Uzziah, although this is disputed and has not gained scholarly consensus.^{[41][42][43][44]}
  • III R 10,2 refers to KUR E Hu-um-ri-a 'land of Bit-Humri'^[39]
  • ND 4301 + 4305 refers to KUR E Hu-um-ri-a 'land of Bit-Humri'^[39]
• Babylonian Chronicle ABC1 – (725 BCE), Shalmaneser V refers to URU Sa-ma/ba-ra-'-in 'city of Sarnaria'^[39]
• Annals of Sargon II (720 BCE):
  • Nimrud Prism, Great Summary Inscription refers to URU Sa-me-ri-na 'city of Samerina'^[39]
  • Palace Door, Small Summary Inscription, Cylinder Inscription, Bull Inscription refers to KUR Bit-Hu-um-ri-a 'land of Bit-Humri'^[39]
  • Oldest papyrus mentioning Jerusalem in the Hebrew language

Stalker Wiki Artifacts

7th century BCE[edit]

• Bulla of Gemariah son of Shaphan (r. 609–598 BCE) – possible link to a figure during the reign of Jehoiakim (Jeremiah 36:10). Archaeologist Yair Shoham notes: 'It should be borne in mind, however, that the names found on the bullae were popular in ancient times and it is equally possible that there is no connection between the names found on the bullae and the person mentioned in the Bible.'^[45]
• Seal of Jehucal – (7th century BCE) Jehucal or Jucal is mentioned in chapters 37 and 38 of the Book of Jeremiah where King Zedekiah sends Jehucal son of Shelemiah and the priest Zephaniah son of Maaseiah to the prophet Jeremiah saying 'Please pray for us to the Lord our God' (Jeremiah 37:3). His seal and also one of Gedaliah, son of Pashhur (also mentioned in Jeremiah 38:1 together with Jehucal) were found during excavation in the city of David in 2005 and 2008, respectively, by Dr. Eliat Mazar.^[46]
• Khirbet Beit Lei contains oldest known Hebrew writing of the word 'Jerusalem' dated to 7th century BCE 'I am YHWH thy Lord. I will accept the cities of Judah and I will redeem Jerusalem' 'Absolve us oh merciful God. Absolve us oh YHWH'^[47]
• Mesad Hashavyahu Ostracon is an inscribed pottery fragment dated to 7th century BCE and written in ancient Hebrew language. It contains earliest extra-biblical reference to the observance of Shabbat.^[48][49]

6th century BCE[edit]

• Ketef Hinnom priestly blessing – Probably the oldest surviving texts currently known from the Hebrew Bible – Priestly blessing dated to 600 BCE.^[50] Text from the Book of Numbers in the Old Testament. Described as 'one of most significant discoveries ever made' for biblical studies.^[51][52]
• Jehoiachin's Rations Tablets (6th century BCE) – Describe the rations set aside for a royal captive identified with Jehoiachin, king of Judah (Cf. 2 Kings 24:12,15–6; 25:27–30; 2 Chronicles 36:9–10; Jeremiah 22:24–6; 29:2; 52:31–4; Ezekiel 17:12).^[53]
• Nebo-Sarsekim Tablet – (circa 595 BCE) a clay cuneiform inscription referring to an official at the court of Nebuchadrezzar II, king of Babylon, possibly the same official named in the Biblical Jeremiah.
• Lachish letters – letters written in carbon ink by Hoshaiah, a military officer stationed near Jerusalem, to Joash the commanding officer at Lachish during the last years of Jeremiah during Zedekiah’s reign (c.588 BCE) (see Nehemiah 12:32, Jeremiah 42:1, 43:2). Lachish fell soon after, two years before the fall of Jerusalem.^[54]
• House of Yahweh ostracon is an ancient pottery fragment discovered at Tel Arad probably referring to the Temple at Jerusalem.^[55]

5th century BCE[edit]

• Elephantine papyri, ancient Jewish papyri dating to the 5th century BCE, name three persons mentioned in Nehemiah: Darius II, Sanballat the Horonite and Johanan the high priest.

2nd century BCE[edit]

• Hasmonean coinage (164 BCE – 35 BCE)

Stalker List Of Artifacts Names

1st century BCE[edit]

• Western Wall – (c. 19 BCE) is an important Jewish religious site located in the Old City of Jerusalem. Just over half the wall, including its 17 courses located below street level, dates from the end of the Second Temple period, being constructed around 19 BCE by Herod the Great. The remaining layers were added from the 7th century onwards.

1st century AD[edit]

• Rock of Calvary (Golgotha), identified by Constantine's mother Saint Helena and Macarius of Jerusalem, within the Church of the Holy Sepulchre
• Grotto of the Nativity, identified by Constantine's mother Saint Helena and Macarius of Jerusalem, within the Church of the Nativity
• Pilate Stone – (c. 36 CE) carved inscription attributed to Pontius Pilate, a prefect of the Roman-controlled province of Judaea from 26–36 CE.
• Pool of Bethesda – in the nineteenth century, archaeologists discovered the remains of a pool corresponding to a description in John’s Gospel.
• Delphi Inscription – (c. 52 CE) The reference to proconsul Gallio in the inscription provides an important marker for developing a chronology of the life of Apostle Paul by relating it to the trial of Paul in Achaea mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles (18:12–17).
• Erastus Inscription (Roman period, disputed)
• Judaea Capta coinage (after 70 CE)
• Nazareth Inscription bears an edict of Caesar prohibiting grave robbing.

Controversial[edit]

• Borsippa – identified as the Tower of Babel in Talmudic and Arabic culture, but not accepted by modern scholarship.
• Ebla tablets – once thought to have made references to, and thus confirmed, the existence of Abraham, David and Sodom and Gomorrah among other Biblical references.
• Foundation Stone – stone also called the Well of Souls, now located in the Dome of the Rock. According to the Bible, King David purchased a threshing floor owned by Araunah the Jebusite,^[56] and some believe that it was upon this rock that he offered the sacrifice mentioned in the verse. David wanted to construct a Temple in Jerusalem, but as his hands were 'bloodied,' he was forbidden to do so himself. The task was left to his son Solomon, who completed the Temple in c. 950 BCE.
• Uzziah Tablet – (8th century BCE or 30–70 CE?) controversial tablet discovered in 1931 by Professor E.L. Sukenik of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in a Russian convent.
• Jehoash Inscription – controversial black stone tablet in Phoenician regarding King Jehoash's repair work. Suspected to be a forgery (but see: Book of Kings).
• Warren's Shaft – possible route corresponding to the biblical account of Joab, king David's commander, launching a secretive attack against the Jebusites, who controlled Jerusalem.

• Tower of Siloam – ruins possibly mentioned in the Gospel of Luke^[57].
• Talpiot Tomb – Joshua son of Joseph tomb; its identification with Jesus is highly controversial.
• Acheiropoieta (see Shroud of Turin, Image of Edessa, and the Veil of Veronica).
• Relics attributed to Jesus, including those identified by Constantine's mother Helena and Macarius of Jerusalem, such as the Holy Nails, Holy Tunic and the True Cross.
• Shapira Scroll widely discredited following its 1883 release; has been reassessed following the 1946 discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls.

Forgery or Claimed Forgery[edit]

• Stone Seal of Manasseh – Stone seal of Manasseh, King of Judah c.687–642 BCE. Reportedly offered to a private collector for one million dollars.^[58]

Significant museums[edit]

• Israel Museum, Jerusalem
• Bible Lands Museum, Jerusalem^[59]

External lists[edit]

• ANET: Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament. Third Edition with Supplement. Ed. James B. Pritchard. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1969
• COS: The Context of Scripture. 3 volumes. Eds. William W. Hallo and K. Lawson Younger. Leiden: Brill, 1997-2002
• RANE: Readings from the Ancient Near East: Primary Sources for Old Testament Study. Baker Academic. ISBN978-0801022920.
• Indices to ANET and COS: [1] and [2]
• Bible History Daily The Biblical Archaeology Society website, publishers of Biblical Archaeology Review

See also[edit]

• Hittite sites – Hittites – History of the Hittites
• Nag Hammadi library – early Christian gnostic papyri.
• Oxyrhynchus Papyri – collection of Old and New Testament papyri, Apocryphal works and works of Philo

References[edit]

1. ^ANET: Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament. Third Edition with Supplement. Ed. James B. Pritchard. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1969
2. ^COS: The Context of Scripture. 3 volumes. Eds. William W. Hallo and K. Lawson Younger. Leiden: Brill, 1997–2002
3. ^Petrie, WM Flinders; Spiegelberg, Wilhelm (1897), Six temples at Thebes, 1896, London: Quaritch
4. ^The Hebrew Bible: New Insights and Scholarship edited by Frederick E. Greenspahn, NYU Press, 2008 P.11
5. ^Ancient Canaan and Israel: New Perspectives By Jonathan Michael Golden, ABC-CLIO, 2004, P.275
6. ^Unger, Eckhard; Istanbul Arkeoloji Müzeleri (1 January 1916). 'Reliefstele Adadniraris 3 aus Saba'a und Semiramis'. Konstantinopel Druck von Ahmed Ihsan. Retrieved 8 December 2016 – via Internet Archive.
7. ^Rainey 1994, p. 47.
8. ^Grabbe, Lester L. (2007-04-28). Ahab Agonistes: The Rise and Fall of the Omri Dynasty. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN9780567251718. 'The Tel Dan inscription generated a good deal of debate and a flurry of articles when it first appeared, but it is now widely regarded (a) as genuine and (b) as referring to the Davidic dynasty and the Aramaic kingdom of Damascus.'
9. ^Cline, Eric H. (2009-09-28). Biblical Archaeology: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. ISBN9780199711628. Today, after much further discussion in academic journals, it is accepted by most archaeologists that the inscription is not only genuine but that the reference is indeed to the House of David, thus representing the first allusion found anywhere outside the Bible to the biblical David.
10. ^Mykytiuk, Lawrence J. (2004-01-01). Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200-539 B.C.E. Society of Biblical Lit. ISBN9781589830622. Some unfounded accusations of forgery have had little or no effect on the scholarly acceptance of this inscription as genuine.
11. ^Biran, Avraham; Naveh, Joseph (1993). 'An Aramaic Stele Fragment from Tel Dan'. Israel Exploration Journal. Israel Exploration Society. 43 (2–3): 81–98. JSTOR27926300.
12. ^The Philistines in Transition: A History from Ca. 1000–730 B.C.E. By Carl S. Ehrlich P:171
13. ^'Discoveries among the ruins of Nineveh and Babylon;'. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
14. ^Warren, Charles (1870). 'Phoenician inscription on jar handles'. Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 2 (30 September): 372.External link in journal= (help)
15. ^'Photos of the Nebuchadnezzar Chronicle. Clay tablet; New Babylonian. Chronicle for years 605-594 BC. © Trustees of the British Museum'. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
16. ^'Babylonian Chronicle Tablet (The British Museum, #21946)'. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
17. ^Clyde E. Fant, Mitchell G. Reddish, Lost Treasures of the Bible: Understanding the Bible Through Archaeological Artifacts in World Museums, p. 228. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2008. ISBN0-8028-2881-7
18. ^Sidney Smith, 1924
19. ^Aderet, Ofer (9 March 2017). 'The Writing on the Wall, Tablet and Floor'. Retrieved 8 December 2016 – via Haaretz.
20. ^Charles F. Horne (1915). 'The Code of Hammurabi: Introduction'. Yale University. Archived from the original on 8 September 2007. Retrieved 14 September 2007.
21. ^'Code of Nesilim'. Fordham.edu. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
22. ^Quirke 2014, p. 167.
23. ^Willems 2010, p. 83.
24. ^Gabriel 2002, p. 23.
25. ^https://brill.com/abstract/journals/vt/67/1/article-p129_8.xml
26. ^https://www.academia.edu/12078547/Israel_in_Canaan._Long_Before_Pharaoh_Merenptah_A_fresh_look_at_Berlin_statue_pedestal_relief_21687
27. ^Canaan and Israel in Antiquity: A Textbook on History and Religion: Second By K. L. Noll, P:138
28. ^'What's the Oldest Hebrew Inscription? A Reply to Christopher Rollston'. Biblical Archaeology Society. 22 August 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
29. ^'Archaeology: What an Ancient Hebrew Note Might Mean'. Christianity Today. 18 January 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
30. ^'Archaeologist finds first evidence of cult in Judah at time of King David'. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
31. ^Nir Hasson, 'Israeli archaeologists dig up artifact from time of Kings David and Solomon,'Haaretz, 15 July 2013.
32. ^'Decoded: Jerusalem's oldest Hebrew engraving refers to lousy wine'. Times of Israel. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
33. ^Hoftijzer, J. & van der Kooij, G. (1976) 'Aramaic Texts from Deir 'Alla', in: Documenta et Monumenta Orientis Antiqui19. Leiden: Brill
34. ^Stern, Philip. Balaam in scripture and in inscription. Midstream (2002), (accessed 27 February 2009).
35. ^Kaufman, S. A. Anchor Bible Dictionary. pp. 173–78.
36. ^ ^abcText and History: Historiography and the Study of the Biblical Text, page 168
37. ^See William F. Albright for the former and for the latter Edwin R. Thiele's, The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings (3rd ed.; Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983) 217. But Gershon Galil dates his reign to 697–642 BCE.
38. ^Grena (2004), p. 26, Figs. 9 and 10
39. ^ ^abcdefghiKelle, Brad (2002), 'What's in a Name? Neo-Assyrian Designations for the Northern Kingdom and Their Implications for Israelite History and Biblical Interpretation', Journal of Biblical Literature, 121 (4): 639–646, JSTOR3268575
40. ^ ^abKalimi, Isaac (2005). The Reshaping Of Ancient Israelite History In Chronicles. Eisenbrauns. p. 106. ISBN978-1-57506-058-3. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
41. ^Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William (19 November 2003). 'Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible'. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. Retrieved 8 December 2016 – via Google Books.
42. ^Kitchen, Kenneth Anderson (1 January 2003). 'On the Reliability of the Old Testament'. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. Retrieved 8 December 2016 – via Google Books.
43. ^Bible.org, Quote: 'For a defense of the idea that Azariah of Judah headed up an anti-Assyrian coalition, see Tadmor, 'Azarijau of Yaudi' Scripta Hierosolymitana 8 (1961): 232–271. However, Israelite and Judaean History, Old Testament Library. Edited by John H. Hayes and J. Maxwell Miller. London: SCM Press, 1977 says, 'Recently, Na'aman [Nadav Na'aman. 'Sennacherib's 'Letter to God' on His Campaign to Judah,' BASOR CCXIV (1974) 25–39] has shown conclusively that the fragment presumably mentioning Azriau king of Yaudi actually belongs to the time of Sennacherib and refers not to Azariah but to Hezekiah. In Tiglath-Pileser's annals there are two references to an Azariah (in line 123 as Az-ri-a-[u] and in line 131 as Az-r-ja-a-í) but neither of these make any reference to his country. Thus the Azriau of Tiglath-pileser's annals and Azariah of the Bible should be regarded as two different individuals. Azriau's country cannot, at the present, be determined.' Na'aman separates the country (Yaudi) from the name Azriau (p. 36). Also p. 28 on line 5 where the original transcription was '[I]zri-ja-u mat Ja-u-di' he reads 'ina birit misrija u mat Jaudi'. However, Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament (OROT), p. 18, is less dogmatic. He says 'Hence we cannot certainly assert that this Azriau (without a named territory!) is Azariah of Judah; the matter remains open and undecided for the present and probably unlikely.' See Also CAH, 3:35–36.'
44. ^In Search of 'Ancient Israel': A Study in Biblical Origins Philip R. Davies, p.63: 'The reference to az-ri-a-u (? ANET ia-u-ha-zi) (mat)ia-u-da-a is seen by a minority of scholars (see e.g. ANET) as a reference to Azariah of Judah; the majority, however, identify the state in question as Y’di, mentioned in the Zinjirli inscription and located in northern Syria.'
45. ^Yair Shoham, 'Hebrew Bullae' in City of David Excavations: Final Report VI, Qedem 41 (Jerusalem: Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2000), 33
46. ^Kantrowitz, Jonathan (3 January 2012). 'Archaeology News Report: Seals of Jeremiah's Captors Discovered!'. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
47. ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 29 July 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2012.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
48. ^http://cojs.org/cojswiki/The_First_Extra-Biblical_Reference_to_the_Sabbath,_c._630_BCEArchived 21 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine
49. ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 25 July 2011. Retrieved 18 February 2010.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
50. ^'Solving a Riddle Written in Silver'. The New York Times. 28 September 2004. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
51. ^'The Challenges of Ketef Hinnom: Using Advanced Technologies to Recover the Earliest Biblical Texts and their Context', Gabriel Barkay et al., Near Eastern Archaeology, Vol. 66, No. 4 (Dec., 2003), pp. 162–171 (at JSTOR).
52. ^'Biblical Artifact Proven to Be Real'. Webcenters.netscape.compuserve.com. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
53. ^Thomas, D. Winton (1958) Documents from Old Testament Times; 1961 ed. Edinburgh and London: Thomas Nelson and Sons; p. 84.
54. ^'Lachish letters'. Formerthings.com. 10 January 1938. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
55. ^T.C. Mitchell (1992). 'Judah Until the Fall of Jerusalem'. In John Boardman; I. E. S. Edwards; E. Sollberger; N. G. L. Hammond (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 3, Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BCE. Cambridge University Press. p. 397. ISBN978-0521227179.
56. ^1 Chronicles 21:25, and 2 Samuel 24:18–25.
57. ^Luke 13
58. ^'Biblical artifacts'. Athenapub.com. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
59. ^http://www.ynetnews.com/Ext/Comp/ArticleLayout/CdaArticlePrintPreview/1,2506,L-3484474,00.html

Sources[edit]

• Gabriel, Richard A. (2002). Gods of Our Fathers: The Memory of Egypt in Judaism and Christianity. Greenwood Publishing. ISBN9780313312861.
• Quirke, Stephen (2014). Exploring Religion in Ancient Egypt. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN9781118610527.
• Willems, Harco (2010). 'The First Intermediate Period and the Middle Kingdom'. In Lloyd, Alan B. (ed.). A Companion to Ancient Egypt. 1. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN9781444320060.